Introduction: Understanding Government Through a Biblical Lens

Government is a topic that often sparks controversy, especially in times of political tension. But what does the Bible say about government? Should Christians always submit to authority? Is God involved in human politics?

To answer these questions faithfully, we must look at what Scripture teaches about earthly authority, submission, and the ultimate rule of God over all things.

1. Government Is Instituted by God

The Bible clearly teaches that all authority—including government—is ultimately established by God for the purpose of order and justice.

“Let everyone be subject to the governing authorities, for there is no authority except that which God has established. The authorities that exist have been established by God.” — Romans 13:1 (NIV)

Paul wrote these words to believers living under the Roman Empire—a government that was far from righteous. Yet he called for submission, recognizing God’s sovereignty even over flawed rulers.

2. Government Serves a Purpose: Restraining Evil and Rewarding Good

Paul continues in Romans 13, explaining the God-given role of civil authorities:

“For the one in authority is God’s servant for your good... But if you do wrong, be afraid, for rulers do not bear the sword for no reason. They are God’s servants, agents of wrath to bring punishment on the wrongdoer.” — Romans 13:4 (NIV)

Government is meant to uphold justice, protect citizens, and punish wrongdoing. When functioning rightly, it serves as an extension of God’s justice on earth.

3. Obedience to Government Is Part of Obedience to God

Christians are called to honor and submit to authority as an act of faith—unless that authority commands something that contradicts God's Word.

“Submit yourselves for the Lord’s sake to every human authority: whether to the emperor, as the supreme authority, or to governors...” — 1 Peter 2:13-14 (NIV)

Peter wrote this under the rule of Emperor Nero, who persecuted Christians. Still, believers were called to live honorably, not rebelliously.

4. Civil Disobedience Is Permitted When God’s Commands Are Violated

While Christians are called to honor authority, there is a biblical precedent for respectfully disobeying human government when it directly contradicts God’s commands.

“We must obey God rather than human beings!” — Acts 5:29 (NIV)

Peter and the apostles said this when forbidden to preach about Jesus. They chose to obey God, knowing the cost. Civil disobedience in Scripture is always respectful and focused on faithfulness to God.

5. Pray for Those in Authority

Rather than argue or complain, the Bible instructs believers to pray for leaders, even those with whom we disagree.

“I urge, then, first of all, that petitions, prayers, intercession and thanksgiving be made for all people—for kings and all those in authority...” — 1 Timothy 2:1–2 (NIV)

Our prayers should include local and national leaders, regardless of their political party or beliefs.

6. Our True Citizenship Is in Heaven

While we honor earthly governments, our ultimate loyalty is to the Kingdom of God. Earthly rulers are temporary—Jesus reigns forever.

“But our citizenship is in heaven. And we eagerly await a Savior from there, the Lord Jesus Christ.” — Philippians 3:20 (NIV)

Christians must never let political identity replace spiritual identity. We are first and foremost ambassadors of Christ (2 Corinthians 5:20).